Silicon carbide ceramic technology thiab nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv photovoltaic teb

I. Silicon carbide qauv thiab cov khoom

Silicon carbide SiC muaj silicon thiab carbon. Nws yog ib tug raug polymorphic compound, feem ntau suav nrog α-SiC (siab kub ruaj khov hom) thiab β-SiC (tsawg kub ruaj khov hom). Muaj ntau tshaj 200 polymorphs, ntawm cov uas 3C-SiC ntawm β-SiC thiab 2H-SiC, 4H-SiC, 6H-SiC, thiab 15R-SiC ntawm α-SiC yog ntau tus neeg sawv cev.

Daim duab SiC polymorph qauv Thaum qhov kub qis dua 1600 ℃, SiC muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm β-SiC, uas tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw yooj yim ntawm silicon thiab carbon ntawm qhov kub ntawm li 1450 ℃. Thaum nws siab tshaj 1600 ℃, β-SiC maj mam hloov mus rau ntau yam polymorphs ntawm α-SiC. 4H-SiC yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm 2000 ℃; 6H thiab 15R polytypes yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 2100 ℃; 6H-SiC kuj tseem tuaj yeem nyob ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 2200 ℃, yog li nws muaj ntau dua hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam. Ntshiab silicon carbide yog cov xim tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab. Kev lag luam silicon carbide tsis muaj xim, lub teeb daj, lub teeb ntsuab, tsaus ntsuab, lub teeb xiav, tsaus xiav thiab txawm dub, nrog rau cov degree ntawm transparency txo nyob rau hauv lem. Kev lag luam abrasive faib silicon carbide ua ob pawg raws li xim: dub silicon carbide thiab ntsuab silicon carbide. Cov xim tsis muaj xim rau xim ntsuab tsaus yog cais raws li ntsuab silicon carbide, thiab lub teeb xiav rau dub yog cais raws li dub silicon carbide. Ob leeg dub silicon carbide thiab ntsuab silicon carbide yog α-SiC hexagonal crystals. Feem ntau, silicon carbide ceramics siv ntsuab silicon carbide hmoov ua raw khoom.

2. Silicon carbide ceramic txheej txheej txheem

Silicon carbide ceramic khoom yog tsim los ntawm crushing, sib tsoo thiab grading silicon carbide raw cov ntaub ntawv kom tau txais SiC hais nrog ib yam me me particle tis, thiab ces nias lub SiC hais, sintering additives thiab ib ntus nplaum rau hauv ib tug ntsuab dawb paug, thiab ces sintering ntawm kub kub. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm Si-C daim ntawv cog lus (~ 88%) thiab qis diffusion coefficient, ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev npaj yog qhov nyuaj ntawm sintering densification. Kev npaj cov txheej txheem ntawm high-density silicon carbide ceramics muaj xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sintering, pressureless sintering, atmospheric siab sintering, kub nias sintering, recrystallization sintering, kub isostatic nias sintering, spark plasma sintering, thiab lwm yam.

Txawm li cas los xij, silicon carbide ceramics muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov pob txha tsis tshua muaj zog, uas yog, ntau dua brittleness. Vim li no, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, multiphase ceramics raws li silicon carbide ceramics, xws li fiber ntau (los yog whisker) qhov cuab lub zog, heterogeneous particle dispersion ntxiv dag zog rau thiab gradient cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm tau tshwm sim ib qho tom qab, txhim kho lub zog thiab lub zog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv monomer.

3. Daim ntawv thov ntawm silicon carbide ceramics hauv photovoltaic teb

Silicon carbide ceramics muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo heev, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev yaig ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, ua kom ntev kev pab cuam lub neej, thiab yuav tsis tso cov tshuaj phem, uas ua tau raws li kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, silicon carbide nkoj txhawb nqa kuj muaj cov nqi zoo dua. Txawm hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv silicon carbide lawv tus kheej yog qhov siab, lawv cov kav ntev thiab ruaj khov tuaj yeem txo cov nqi khiav lag luam thiab hloov zaus. Nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntau dua thiab tau dhau los ua cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam photovoltaic nkoj txhawb nqa.

Thaum silicon carbide ceramics yog siv los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob photovoltaic, lub nkoj txhawb nqa, lub thawv nkoj, cov yeeb nkab fittings thiab lwm yam khoom ua tau zoo thermal stability, tsis deformed ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov pa phem. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov qhov tam sim no siv quartz nkoj txhawb nqa, lub thawv nkoj, thiab cov yeeb nkab fittings, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Silicon carbide nkoj txhawb nqa yog ua los ntawm silicon carbide ua cov khoom tseem ceeb. Piv nrog rau kev txhawb nqa lub nkoj quartz ib txwm, silicon carbide nkoj kev txhawb nqa muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua thiab tuaj yeem tswj kev ruaj ntseg hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Silicon carbide nkoj txhawb nqa ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kub thiab tsis yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm tshav kub thiab deformed los yog puas. Lawv tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem ntau lawm uas yuav tsum tau kho qhov kub thiab txias, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tswj xyuas qhov ruaj khov thiab sib xws ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.

Kev pab lub neej: Raws li cov ntaub ntawv qhia kev txheeb xyuas: Lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm silicon carbide ceramics yog ntau tshaj 3 npaug ntawm lub nkoj txhawb nqa, lub thawv nkoj, thiab cov yeeb nkab fittings ua los ntawm cov khoom siv quartz, uas txo qhov zaus ntawm kev hloov cov khoom siv.