Hauv cov txheej txheem kev npaj wafer, muaj ob qhov txuas txuas: ib qho yog kev npaj ntawm cov substrate, thiab lwm qhov yog kev siv cov txheej txheem epitaxial. Lub substrate, ib tug wafer ua tib zoo crafted los ntawm semiconductor ib qho khoom siv lead ua, tuaj yeem muab tso ncaj qha rau hauv wafer manufacturing ...
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